Catheterization protocol (from CDC study linked below)

• Place catheter initially
• Once infant can be moved from prone position, start CIC q6h to determine residual bladder volumes
• Continue cathing unil residual volumes < 30 mL on majority of catheterizations for 3 consecutive days, with decreasing catheterization frequency
• If CIC cannot be stopped, continue CIC q4h while awake
• Expectations: 80% of all individuals with spina bifida will need long-term CIC for bladder management

Surgical interventions

• Bladder augmentation
• Continent catheterizable channel (Mitrofanoff, Monti)
• MACE (Malone Antegrade Continence Enema)