• Incidence: 1:50000
  • Initial management
    • Cover bladder with Saran wrap; change with each diaper change and irrigate bladder surface with sterile saline to keep moist
  • Goal of surgical repair
    • Primary bladder closure with protection of upper tracts
    • Eventual voided continence
  • Kelly repair - modern staged repair of exstrophy (MSRE) - 1970s
    • Newborn – Closure of the bladder, posterior urethra, and abdominal wall defect results in the creation of complete (penopubic) epispadias 
    • Six months to one year of age – Epispadias repair is performed 
    • Four to five years of age – Bladder neck reconstruction (BNR) and bilateral ureteral reimplantation if needed 
  • Mainz approach - complete primary repair of exstrophy (CPRE) - 1990s
    • Completes all components of repair in a single surgery 
    • Often performed right after birth  
  • No direct comparison between the two methods (rare cases; generally one center will perform all cases the same way)
  • Requirement for iliac osteotomies - <72 hours old, very wide (> 4 cm) diastasis
    • Will need traction x 4 weeks afterwards
  • Postop - SPT for 4 weeks, ureteral stents x 2-4 weeks
  • Failed repair - dehisence, prolapse, outlet obstruction, vesicocutaneous fistula
    • Important to completely dissect the urogenital diaphragm fibers
  • In general continence rates ~ 70%
author: last edited: May 25, 2022, 3:11 p.m. | pk: 196 | unpublished